Linux

[TOC]

Base

bash

查看当前shell echo $SHELL

列出所有shell cat /etc/shells

切换shell bash 直接输入shell名

修改bash ~/.inputrc

set show-all-if-ambiguous on  # 一次tab键显示补全列表
set visible-stats on    # 结尾增加文件类型 @ 链接 / 目录
set colored-completion-prefix on # 增加颜色显示prefix
set completion-ignore-case on  # 忽略大小写

删除上一条命令多余输入 ^1 替换 ^1^2,替换或删除找到的第一个

1 2	cat file1, ^1, cat file cat fiel1, ^1^2, cat file2

全局替换

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ansible nginx -a 'which nginx'
!:gs/nginx/haproxy # 全局（g）替换（s）
ansible haproxy -a 'which haproxy'

家目录 ~

root用户 /root
普通用户 /home

How

$	……
whatis command	简要说明
man command	说明文档
which command	binary 文件路径
whereis command	搜索路径

DIRECTORIES

$	……
pwd	Display path of current working directory
cd directory	Change directory to directory
ls -lh	List directory contents
mkdir directory	Create new directory named directory
ls -lh	List directory contents
tree -h	List the contents of the directory in a tree view

OUTPUT

$	……
cat file>	Output the contents of file
less file	Output the contents of file using the less command
head file	Output the first 10 lines of file
cmd > file	Direct the output of cmd into file
cmd >> file	Append the output of cmd to file
clear	Clear the command line window

FILES

$	……
rm file	Delete file
rm -r directory	Delete directory
rm -f file	Force-delete file (add -r to force-delete a directory)
mv file-old file-new	Rename file-old to file-new
mv file directory	Move file todirectory (overwriting an existing file)
cp file directory	Copy file todirectory (overwriting an existing file)
touch file	Update file access & modification time (and create file if it doesn’t exist)

PERMISSIONS

$	……
chmod 755 file	Change permissions of file to 755
chmod -R 600 directory	Change permissions of directory (and its contents) to 600
chown user:group file	Change ownership of file to user and group (add -R to include a directory’s contents)

SEARCH

$	……
find dir -name “ file“	Find all files named file inside dir
grep “ text“ file	Output all occurrences of text inside file (add -i for case-insensitivity)
grep -rl “text“ dir	Search for all files containing text inside dir

CTRL

$	……
CTRL+A	move the caret to the beginning
CTRL+E	move the caret to the end of the line
CTRL+K	delete all characters after the caret
CTRL+U	delete all characters in front of the caret
CTRL+L	clear  command
CTRL+C	abort a running command

Note

alias

永久命名别名，查看 ~/.bashrc 文件，发现这样一段代码

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if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
  . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

新建文件 .bash_alases , 写入 alias ll='ll -lh' , 保存后执行 source ~/.bashrc

替换 man 为中文

apt-get install manpages-zh
vi /etc/manpath.config
:1,$s#/usr/share/man#/usr/share/man/zh_CN#g

1.在用 vi 命令编辑文件，使用命令前先按：键，然后输入命令 1,$s#/usr/share/man#/usr/share/man/zh_CN#g，回车即可 2.替换第 1 行开始到最后一行中所有的 /usr/share/man 为 /usr/share/man/zh_CN

开启远程ssh登录

安装openssh-server: sudo apt-get install openssh-server
开机自动启动ssh命令: sudo systemctl enable ssh
关闭ssh开机自动启动命令: sudo systemctl disable ssh
单次开启ssh: sudo systemctl start ssh
单次关闭ssh: sudo systemctl stop ssh
设置好后重启系统 reboot
查看ssh是否启动，看到Active: active (running)即表示成功 sudo systemctl status ssh

ssh生成密钥：ssh-keygen

复制本地公钥到服务器：ssh-copy-id user@remoteip

复制器配置别名 code ~/.ssh/config 可通过ssh deepin 登录服务器

Host deeping
HostName 192.168.0.118
User wukong
IdentitiesOnly yes

byobu

F2 - Create a new win
F3 - Move to previous win
F4 - Move to next win
F5 - Reload prof
F6 - Detach from this sess
F7 - Enter copy/scrollback m
F8 - Re-title a win
F9 - Configuration M
F12 -  Lock this termi
shift-F2 - Split the screen horizonta
ctrl-F2 - Split the screen vertica
shift-F3 - Shift the focus to the previous split reg
shift-F4 - Shift the focus to the next split reg
shift-F5 - Join all spl
ctrl-F6 - Remove this sp
ctrl-F5 - Reconnect GPG and SSH sock
shift-F6 - Detach, but do not log
alt-pgup - Enter scrollback m
alt-pgdn - Enter scrollback m
Ctrl-a $ - show detailed sta
Ctrl-a R - Reload prof
Ctrl-a ! - Toggle key bindings on and 
Ctrl-a k - Kill the current win
Ctrl-a ~ - Save the current window's scrollback buffer

micro

下载 curl https://getmic.ro | bash

设置全局使用 mv ~/micro /usr/bin/micro

tldr

下载tldr替代 ls man

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qPhUxmIF2ar2pQbJe6Buyg

bat 替代 cat

bat

比Cat更好用的命令！

使用 batcat,建议修改 alias cat=’batcat’